virtualenv可以搭建虚拟且独立的python运行环境, 使得单个项目的运行环境与其它项目独立起来.
virtualenv本质上是个python包, 使用pip安装:
pip3 install virtualenv
在工作目录下创建虚拟环境:
➜ virtualenvTest virtualenv test
Using base prefix '/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6'
New python executable in /Users/cyrill/virtualenvTest/test/bin/python3.6
Also creating executable in /Users/cyrill/virtualenvTest/test/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
默认情况下, 虚拟环境中不包括系统的site-packages, 若要使用请添加参数:
virtualenv --system-site-packages test
进入虚拟环境目录, 执行source ./bin/activate进入虚拟环境:
➜ virtualenvTest cd test
➜ test source ./bin/activate
(test) ➜ test python -V
Python 3.6.2
(test) ➜ test pip list
DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. You can use --format=(legacy|columns) (or define a format=(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section) to disable this warning.
pip (9.0.1)
setuptools (36.2.7)
wheel (0.29.0)
退出虚拟环境:
(test) ➜ test deactivate
➜ test